Periapical Tooth Root Infection in Dromedary Camel: A Clinical Case Report

Abstract

Dental infections involving the tooth root are relatively common in camels and can negatively affect their feeding behavior, productivity, and overall health if they are not identified and treated in time. These infections may develop due to trauma, periodontal inflammation, or the accumulation of feed particles around the periodontal membrane, particularly during the eruption of permanent teeth. This report describes a clinical case of periapical tooth root infection in a four-year-old female dromedary camel presented to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, College of Veterinary Sciences, Jhang, Pakistan. The animal showed reduced feed intake, decreased milk production, and a visible swelling on the cheek below the eye. Clinical examination of the oral cavity revealed chronic gingivitis affecting the upper third premolar tooth root, which had progressed to sinus formation with pus discharge. Based on the animal’s history and clinical findings, the condition was diagnosed as a periapical tooth root infection. The camel was treated with systemic antibiotics and anti-inflammatory medication, along with local oral care including antiseptic application and regular saline flushing. The animal was monitored for four weeks, during which the swelling gradually subsided and normal feeding behavior returned. Follow-up examination confirmed complete recovery. This case highlights the importance of early recognition and proper management of dental infections to maintain the health and productivity of camels.